Iyo inotonhora brittleness (kana yakaderera-tembiricha embrittlement maitiro) yeinotonhora yakakungurutswa machubhupanguva yekushandiswa inomiririrwa nekuoma brittleness shanduko tembiricha Tc.Iyo Tc ye-high-purity iron (0.01% C) iri pa -100C, uye pasi peiyi tembiricha, iri zvachose mune brittle state.Mazhinji alloy zvinhu muinotonhora-yakakungurutswa nemapaipi esimbi anopenya anowedzera kuoma kwekuchinja tembiricha yeinotonhora-yakakungurutswa nemapaipi esimbi inopenya, ichiwedzera tsika yekutonhora brittleness.Kana ductile fracture ikaitika pamusoro petembiricha yekamuri, kutsemuka kwepamusoro peinotonhora-yakakungurutswa chaiyo inopenya mapombi esimbi idimple shaped kutsemuka, nepo kana brittle fracture ikaitika pane yakaderera tembiricha, iko kutsemuka kwakatsemuka.
Chikonzero chekudzikira-kupisa kunyungudika kwemachubhu anotonhora akatenderedzwa ndeiyi:
(1) Kana iyo dislocation inogadzirwa neiyo dislocation sosi panguva ye deformation yakavharwa nezvipingamupinyi (senge miganhu yezviyo kana yechipiri kuenzana), kushushikana kwenzvimbo kunopfuura simba redzidziso reinotonhora-yakakungurutswa chaiyo inopenya simbi mapaipi, zvichikonzera microcracks.
(2) Mazhinji akaturikidzana akaturikidzana anoumba diki pamuganhu wezviyo.
(3) Kuita pamharadzano yemabhendi maviri anotsvedza, zvichikonzera kusinga zungunuke dislocations% 26lt;010%.
Izvo zvinhu zvinokanganisa kutonhora brittleness yekutonhora yakatenderedzwa inopenya machubhu zvinosanganisira:
(1) Solid solution inosimbisa zvinhu.Phosphorus inowedzera kuoma brittleness shanduko tembiricha zvakasimba;Kune zvakare molybdenum, titanium, uye vanadium;Kana zvirimo zvadzikira, mhedzisiro yacho haina kukosha, nepo zvirimo zvakwira, zvinhu zvinowedzera kuoma brittleness shanduko yekushisa zvinosanganisira silicon, chromium, uye mhangura.Zvinhu zvinodzikisira kuoma brittleness shanduko tembiricha zvinosanganisira nickel, uye zvinhu zvinotanga kudzikira uyezve kuwedzera kuoma brittleness shanduko yekushisa zvinosanganisira manganese.
(2) Zvinhu zvinoumba chikamu chechipiri.Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha chekuwedzera kutonhora brittleness yechando-yakakungurutswa chaiyo inopenya simbi mapaipi ane chikamu chechipiri kabhoni.Sezvo iyo kabhoni yemukati muinotonhora-yakakungurutswa nemapaipi esimbi inopenya inowedzera, iyo pearlite yemukati mune inotonhora-yakakungurutswa nemazvo mapombi esimbi anopenya anowedzera.Paavhareji, kune yega yega 1% kuwedzera kwevhoriyamu pearlite, kuoma brittleness shanduko tembiricha inowedzera ne2.2 ℃ paavhareji.
(3) Mhedzisiro yekabhoni yemukati pane brittleness mune ferritic pearlite simbi.Kuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zve microalloying senge titanium, niobium, uye vanadium mafomu akaparadzirwa nitrides kana carbonitrides, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekuoma kwekuchinja kwekushisa kweinotonhora-yakakungurutswa chaiyo inopenya simbi pombi.
(4) Saizi yezviyo inokanganisa tembiricha yekuomesa brittleness, uye gorosi parinokora, kuoma kwe brittleness yekuchinja tembiricha inowedzera.Kukwenenzvera saizi yezviyo kunoderedza katsika kekutonhora brittleness muchando chakakungurutswa nemapaipi akajeka esimbi, inova nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-01-2023