Maitiro ekudziya, kubata, uye kutonhodza simbi yakasimba kuti ivandudze kana kushandura zvimiro zvayo uye microstructure inonzi kupisa kupisa.Zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvakasiyana zvekupisa kupisa, kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa kupisa, dzinogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya mumhando dzinotevera:
(1)Annealing: Muchoto chinopisa chekupisa, simbi inodziya pane imwe chiyero chekudziya kusvika ku300-500 ℃ pamusoro peiyo tembiricha yakakosha, uye microstructure yayo ichaita shanduko yechikamu kana chikamu chikamu shanduko.Semuenzaniso, kana simbi ichipisa kune iyi tembiricha, iyo pearlite inoshanduka kuita austenite.Wobva waichengeta ichidziya kwekanguva, wozoitonhodza zvishoma nezvishoma (kazhinji nechoto kutonhora) kusvikira yabudiswa patembiricha yekamuri.Iyi nzira yese inonzi annealing treatment.Chinangwa chekuvhara ndechekubvisa kushushikana kwemukati kunogadzirwa panguva yekupisa kwekushanda, homogenize iyo microstructure yesimbi (kuwana inenge yakaenzana chimiro), kunatsiridza michina zvinhu (senge kuderedza kuoma, kuwedzera plasticity, kuoma, uye simba), uye kunatsiridza kucheka. performance.Zvichienderana nemaitiro ekuvhara, inogona kukamurwa kuita dzakasiyana nzira dzekuvharisa dzakadai seyakajairwa annealing, kaviri annealing, diffusion annealing, isothermal annealing, spheroidizing annealing, recrystallization annealing, yakajeka annealing, yakazara annealing, isina kukwana annealing, nezvimwe.
(2)Normalizing: Muchoto chekupisa kupisa, simbi inopisa pane imwe yekupisa kusvika ku200-600 ℃ pamusoro pekupisa kwakanyanya, kuitira kuti microstructure inoshandurwa zvachose kuita yunifomu austenite (semuenzaniso, pakupisa uku, ferrite inoshandurwa zvachose. mu austenite musimbi, kana yechipiri cementite yakanyungudutswa zvachose mu austenite), uye inochengetwa kwenguva yakati, Inobva yaiswa mumhepo yekutonhorera kwechisikigo (kusanganisira kufuridza kutonhora, kurongedza kutonhora kwechisikigo, kana zvidimbu zvega zvechisikigo. kutonhora mumhepo yakadzikama), uye maitiro ese anonzi normalizing.Normalizing imhando yakasarudzika yeannealing, iyo, nekuda kwekukurumidza kutonhora kwayo pane kuvharisa, inogona kuwana yakatsetseka tsanga uye yunifomu microstructure, kunatsiridza kusimba uye kuoma kwesimbi, uye kuve neyakanaka yakazara mamechanicha zvinhu.
(3) Kudzima: Muchoto chekupisa kupisa, simbi inopisa pane imwe yekudziya mwero kusvika ku300-500 ℃ pamusoro peiyo tembiricha yakakosha, kuitira kuti microstructure ishandurwe zvachose kuita yunifomu austenite.Mushure mekuibata kwenguva yakati, inokurumidza kutonhora (inotonhora svikiro inosanganisira mvura, mafuta, mvura yemunyu, alkaline mvura, nezvimwewo) kuwana martensitic chimiro, chinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya simba, kuoma, uye kupfeka kusagadzikana kwesimbi. .Iko kukurumidza kutonhora panguva yekudzima kunotungamira kune yakapinza dhizaini shanduko iyo inoburitsa yakakura kushushikana kwemukati uye inowedzera brittleness.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuita kupisa kana kuchembera kurapwa panguva yakakodzera kuti uwane simba repamusoro uye kukwirira kusimba zvivakwa.Kazhinji, kudzima kurapwa chete hakuwanzo kushandiswa.Zvichienderana nechinhu uye chinangwa chekudzima kurapwa, kudzima kurapwa kunogona kukamurwa kuita kwakasiyana-siyana kudzima nzira sekunge kudzima, kudzima kuzere, kudzima kusina kukwana, isothermal quenching, graded quenching, kupenya kudzima, high-frequency quenching, nezvimwe.
(4) Kudzima kwepamusoro: Iyi inzira yakakosha yekudzima kurapa iyo inoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekudziya senge kupisa kwemurazvo, kudziya kwepamusoro-frequency induction heat, magetsi frequency induction heat, electric contact heat, electrolyte heat, etc. simbi iri pamusoro petembiricha yakakosha, uye nekukurumidza kuitonhodza kupisa kusati kwapinda mukati mesimbi (kureva quenching kurapwa)
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-08-2023